一、成考专升本《英语》测验纲领
（一）《英语》科目测验内容及要求
考生应掌握根本的英语语言根底常识并具备必然的语言运用才能，包罗根本的语音、语法和词汇，必然的阅读理解、白话寒暄以及初步的写做才能。
（二）《英语》科目测验形式及试卷构造
1.试卷总分：150分。
2.测验时间：150分钟。
3.测验体例：闭卷测验，纸笔做答。
4.试卷构造
二、成考专升本《英语》重要考点
（一）主谓一致
1.and的用法：
①and毗连并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。
❤Both he and I are right.
❤Mr. Black and Mrs. Black have a son called Tom.
②但并列主语若是指的是统一人，统一事物或统一概念，谓语动词用单数,
❤His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
❤The poet and writer has come.
③当毗连的是两个不成分的工具时，谓语动词用单数，
❤Whisky and soda is my favorite drink.
❤Bread and butter is my favorite snack.
④由and毗连的并列主语中若是有each, every, no润色时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
❤Every boy and every girl has a dictionary at hand.
❤Each man and each woman has a dancing partner at the party.
❤In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
2.就近原则：not…but…，not only … but also…，either……or,…，neither……nor…，there be…，here… 以上词语毗连两个主语时，以离动词比来的主语形式为准。
❤Either Mr. Smith or his wife and sons have to face the difficulties.
❤There are fourteen chairs and a whiteboard in the meeting room.
❤One or more pages are missing.
❤The headmaster or I am going to hand out the papers.
3.就远原则： with, along with, together with, including, except, but, besides, rather than, instead of 以上词语毗连两个主语时，以离动词远的主语形式为准。
❤The library including 5,000 books was burnt down last night.
❤The teacher rather than the students was wrong.
4.集合名词: Family, class, group, team, crew, committee,等 如以上名词做主语时，若是指一个整体，谓语动词就是单数;若是指成员时，谓语动词用复数。
❤The class is made up of 40 students.
5.零丁的动名词，不定式，从句，时间，金钱，间隔，学科，疾病，组织(专有名词)做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
❤Swimming is good for you.
❤Fifty dollars is too much for me.
❤Father gave me a dictionary as a birthday gift, which makes me excited.
❤Physics is really difficult for me to learn.
（二）关系代词
关系代词who, which, that 的考点：
❤I know the girl. The girl works in IBM.
❤I know the girl who / that works in IBM.
❤The old man is a famous artist. We visited the old man yesterday.
❤The old man who /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
❤The laptop is made by DELL. I bought the laptop last week.
❤The laptop which / that I bought last week is made by DELL.
1.先行词为以下情况，关系代词必需用that:
①先行词被描述词更高级润色：
❤He is the hardest-working student that I have ever taught.
②先行词被序数词润色：
❤He is the first man that finished the work on time.
③先行词被only, just, the same, next等词润色：
❤This is the only dictionary that I have at hand④先行词自己为不定代词：
❤Is there anything that I can do for you?
⑤先行词中既包罗人又包罗物：
❤We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.
⑥正式用法中，先行词是动物的时候：
We have to protect whales and sharks that are being threatened by death.
（三）暗示比力的办法
暗示比力的办法在英语里是比力复杂的。除了描述词和副词的比力级和更高级外，还有良多特定的短语和句型暗示比力。关于那类考题，考生需熟记公式，记清各公式中的描述词、副词、介词、连词等的搭配，以及其比力的含义。
①平级比力：那是指在比力的过程中不消描述词或副词的比力级或更高级停止比力，而是用特定句型的必定或否认式停止比力。
❤as+描述词/副词+as：必定式，意为：跟……一样
❤not SO(as)+描述词/副词+as：否认式，意为：不如
❤as+描述词+a/an+单数名词+as ：与……一样
❤as+many/few+可数名词+as ：与……一样
❤as much/little+不成数名词+as ：与……一样
❤the same+名词+as：与……一样
❤This is as interesting a book as the other is.那本书跟另一本一样有意思。
❤Helen cannot come to visit her mother so often as she hopes. 海伦不成能像她希望的那样经常看望母亲。
❤You can write as many words for your paper as you want. 你的文章想写几字就写几字。
❤She was born on the same day as I was. 她跟我在统一天出生。
②带有than的比力：
❤more than...：不单单，不但是
❤more A than B：与其说是B，不如说是A(否认B，必定A)
❤rather than：甘愿……而不肯……
❤would rather+省略to的不定式+than+省略to的不定式：甘愿……而不肯……
❤no+描述词比力级+than：都不
❤He is more a businessman than a professor. 他更像是商人，不像传授。
❤The movie is more boring than interesting. 那部片子很乏味没意思。
❤I have no more than five dollars. 我只要5美圆。
❤He is no taller than Jack. 他其实不比Jack高。(有两小我都不高的含义)
❤l would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我甘愿在家看电视而不进来看片子。
❤She enjoys reading at home rather than travelling around. 她甘愿在家看书，不肯出游。
❤He paid no less than 200 dollars. 他至少付了200美圆。
留意：类似的词组有：
❤prefer A to B：偏心……胜过……(必定A，否认B);
❤A+not+比力级+than+B：A不如B。
❤I prefer watching movie to TV program. 我喜好看片子而不是看电视。
❤He is not taller than Jack. 他没有Jack高。
③其他比力句型：
❤The+比力级：越……，越……
❤比力级and比力级：越来越……
❤Is that true that the higher education you gain the better job you can get? 受的教育多就能找到更好的工做吗?
❤Winter comes，so it gets colder and colder. 冬天来了，所以气候越来越冷。
④倍数的暗示法：
❤A is+倍数+名词+of B：A是B的……倍
❤A is+倍数+as十描述词+as B：A是B的……倍
❤A is+倍数+比力级+than B：A比B大……
❤Your room is twice as big as mine. 你的房间是我的两倍。
❤This street is four times the length of that ode. 那条街是那条街的四倍长。 This bowl is twice bigger than that olle. 那个碗比阿谁碗大两倍。
⑤润色比力级和更高级的副词：
❤润色比力级：far，a bit，a lot，much，a great deal，rather，any，little等;
❤润色更高级：far，very，second，next，much，not quite，by no means等。
❤This room is a bit larger than that one. 那个房间比阿谁房间大一点。
❤I think this is the very best book I have ever read. 我认为那是我读过的更好的书了。
（四）描述词
1.描述词的用法：描述词是用来润色、描画名词的，凡是在句中做定语、表语或宾补，有时还可做状语。
❤He is honest and hardworking.
❤I found the book interesting.
①某些描述词与定冠词连用暗示一类人做主语时，谓语凡是用复数形式。
❤The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
❤The English like to be with their families.
②多个描述词做定语润色名词的挨次：
冠词+序数词+基数词+性量形态(描述性)+外形大小+新旧老小+颜色+国籍+质料+名词。
❤the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.
2.描述词比力品级的形式
①规则形式：一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er构成比力级，加--est构成更高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more构成比力级,加most构成更高级。❤great-greater-greatest
❤busy-busier-busiest
❤important-more important-(the)most important ②不规则形式
❤good(well)-better-best
❤bad(ill)-worse-worst
❤many(much)-more-most
❤little-less-least
3.描述词比力品级的用法
①暗示两者的比力，用描述词的比力级+than.
❤He is cleverer than the other boys.
❤This one is more beautiful than that one.
②暗示两者以上的比力，用"the+描述词更高级(+名词)+of(in)…
❤He is the cleverest boy in his class.
③暗示两者是同等水平，用"as+描述词原级+as".
❤He is as tall as I.
❤I have as many books as you.
④越…越…
❤The more I learn,the happier I am.
⑤You can never be too careful.越小心越好
❤You can never praise the teacher too highly. 你怎么赞扬那个教师也不外分。
⑥I have never spent a more worrying day. 那一天是最令我担忧的一天。
❤I have never had a better dinner. 那是我吃过的更好的一顿饭。
⑦My English is no better than yours. 我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。
（五）副词
1.副词的品种
①时间副词如：ago,before,already,just,now,early,late,finally,tomorrow等。
②地点副词如：here,there,near,around,in,out,up,down,back,away,outside等。
③体例副词如：carefully,angrily,badly,calmly,loudly,quickly,politely,nervously等。
④水平副词如：almost,nearly,much,greatly,a bit,a little,hardly,so,very等。
2.副词比力品级的用法，其用法与描述词类似，只是副词更高级前可省略定冠词。
❤Of all the boys he sings(the)most beautifully.
❤We must work harder.
3.某些副词在用法上的区别
①already,yet,still already暗示某事物已经发作，次要用于必定句;
②yet暗示等待某事发作，次要用于否认句和疑问句;
③still暗示某事还在停止，次要用于必定句和疑问句，有时也可用于否认句。
❤Weve already watched that film. I havent finished my homework yet.
❤He still works until late every night.
④too,as well,also,either too,as well和also用于必定句和疑问句，
⑤too和as well多用于白话，一般放在句末，
⑥also多用于书面语，一般放在句中与动词连用。
⑦either用于否认句和否认的疑问句，往往放在句末。
❤He went there too.
❤He didnt go there either.
❤I like you as well.
❤I also went there.
4.hard,hardly hardly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全差别。
❤I work hard every day.
❤I can hardly remember that.
5.late,lately lately意为"比来、近来"，late意为"晚、迟"。.
❤He never comes late.
❤Have you been to the museum lately?
（六）做文范文
1、冒充商品
（1）冒充伪劣商品是个严峻问题。
（2）一些原因招致了那种现象。
（3）为了拂拭冒充伪劣商品，……
Fake Commodities
Fake and poor quality commodities are a serious problem. Many things can be faked such as soybean sauce， vinegar， bicycles， and many other things. The interests of consumers are affected， and many enterprises keep losing money because of cheap fake commodities.
There are some reasons for such a phenomenon. The major one is the desire of some people to “make easy money”。These people think nothing of the law of the protection of intellectual property rights.
To get rid of fake and poor quality commodities， the government should educate people to obey the law of the protection of individual intellectual property rights and not to sell any fake goods. The government should punish severely and close down all the factories producing fake goods.
2、城市和农村
（1）一些人喜好住在城市，因为城市生活有许多便当。
（2）但有些人喜好住在农村。
（3）我认为，……
Where to live in the City or in the Country
Some people like living in the city because city life has many advantages. They think there are more job opportunities in cities， life there is more colorful and meaningful than that in the country， and there are more modern conveniences in cities for people to enjoy.
But some other people prefer to live in the countryside. They say life in the countryside is closer to nature and better for their health， life there is quieter and that country people are more honest than city people.
I would like to live in a city when I am young to earn enough money and I live in the countryside when I am old for having a quite life.
3、自行车
The Bicycle in China
The bicycle is the most popular means of transportation in China. China is a country “on bicycle wheels”。People ride them for various purposes such as going to and from school and work. Bicycles are very cheap and easy to buy in China.
There are many advantages to riding a bicycle. First， using a bicycle can greatly help reduce the air pollution in many big cities. Second， people can improve their health by riding a bicycle.
The future of bicycle will be bright. In some European countries， city governments have arranged pedestrians to use “public bicycles” to travel round the city center free of charge.
4、男女平等
Should Men and Women Be Equal?
People have different ideas about this issue， Some people say that men are superior to women in ability because men are physically stronger， do most of the hard labor in the world and hold most important positions. Other people believe that women have the ability to compete with men. There have been many famous women state leaders and great scientists in the world.
We should fully carry out the principle “to each according to his work” so that the enthusiasm of both men and women for work can be fully aroused.
5、鼓舞信
假定你是Jack，给在无锡新区工做的笔友王强写信，要点如下：
（1）十分快乐得知王强在筹办高考，並鼓舞他必然能克制各类困难获得好成就。
（2）告诉他你将去无锡旅游，你将乘火车于5月1日早晨6点抵达，请他接站，并请他帮你摆设1至4日的住宿(旅店靠近市中心，房间能够小一些，但不要太贵)。
（3）此外，你还要他帮你订5日返回上海的火车票。
Dear Wang Qiang，
Im glad to learn that you are busy preparing for college entrance exams. Where there is a strong will， there is a success. I am sure that you will overcome all kinds of difficulties in your study.
Im planning to go to Wuxi and look around in the city for a few days. Ill take the train and arrive at 6 oclock a.m. on May 1st. Will you please come and meet me at the station? Im going to stay in Wuxi till May 4th. Please help me book a hotel room. I hope to stay in a hotel around the downtown area but the price shouldnt be very high. I dont mind if the room is small. Another thing. Can you book a ticket for me back to Shanghai on 4th? All the best，
Jack
6、英语进修
你在英语进修中有哪些困难?你是若何克制那些困难的?
To a Chinese, the task of learning English well is not easy. So I, like many other English learners, have met with difficulties in learning English during the past seven years. But I managed to overcome them and made much progress.
The spelling and meaning of words can be said to be the first difficulty I met as a beginner. But I found our my own way to deal with them. As to spelling, I never copied a new work again and again to remember it, but tried to find its relevance to the sound. In fact, as long as I can read the word out, I can write it out. As to the meaning, I rarely recite its Chinese translation but often put the word into the sentence to learn its meaning. Moreover, if you use a word quite often, its spelling and meaning will be no problem. After all, we are learning English in order to use it.
Grammar and idioms may be another difficulty. But I have also got over it. I have not read lots of grammar books. But I spent much time reading the articles written by native speakers or specialists in English. By doing so, I came to gain “a sense of English language”. I began to gain a feel for which sentences are “good English” and which are not.
Finally, I want to say that overcoming all these difficulties requires perseverance. In the past seven years I spent at least an hour on English each day. I believe this is an important reason why I am able to make progress in learning English.
7、城市绿化
Film Is Giving Way to TV
There are fewer film-goers now than before. The number of TV-watchers has been increasing. In 1975, there were only 5,000 TV-watchers and in 1985, the number increased 20 times. The increase is due to the development of TV industry. With the development of economy, people are richer than before and many families can afford to buy color TV sets. People would prefer to stay at home to watch TV rather than go out to see a film.
Although film is giving way to TV, there are still some people who like watching films not only because good films are not shown on TV but because film has its own advantage.
8、视频游戏
Video Games
Video games have become very popular in recent years. Wherever you go, you can see youngsters or even adults indulged in the games. When they play the games in clubs, stores, or homes, they concentrate all their attention on them, with their hands busy operating. Obviously, video games give them great wonderful entertainment. They bring great pleasure to youngsters, train them to respond quickly, stimulate their imagination and interest in electronics and computer science. In short, video games play a good part in the development of youngsters intelligence.
Just as a coin has two sides, video games have also some disadvantage. Some young people especially school children, spend too much time playing them, which would do harem to their health and eyes and affect their school achievements. Only if one has enough self-control, can one benefit from video games.